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metabolism

This shows the researcher next to a head made of clocks

·May 30, 2019·3 min read

Body parts respond to day and night independently from brain

Skin and liver cells appear to have their own circadian clock. Both the liver and skin respond to changes in light and maintain critical function, independent of the brain's circadian rhythm.

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·May 28, 2019·4 min read

Does your health in middle age predict how healthy you’ll be later in life?

Vascular and inflammatory problems during middle age, as well as some minor injuries, could be a biomarker for poor brain health in older age. However, brain aging may be delayed by maintaining a healthy diet, weight and level of physical activity as we age.

Featured Neurology Neuroscience

·May 28, 2019·6 min read

High LDL cholesterol linked to early-onset Alzheimer’s

Elevated levels of LDL cholesterol has been linked to an increased risk of early-onset Alzheimer's disease, in those with and without a genetic risk factor. This suggests cholesterol could be an independent risk factor for dementia. Additionally, researchers identified a potential new genetic risk factor for early-onset Alzheimer's, a rare variant of the APOB gene.

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·May 23, 2019·3 min read

Bacteria in fermented food signal the human immune system, explaining health benefits

A metabolite produced by lactic acid bacteria binds to the third hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor (HCA), signalling the immune system. Researchers believe the receptor evolved to allow great apes to consume foods that were starting to decay. They suggest the receptor could mediate some beneficial and anti-inflammatory effects of lactic acid in humans, and could serve as a target to treat inflammatory diseases.

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·May 21, 2019·4 min read

Link between air pollution and anxiety in children investigated

Children exposed to higher levels of air pollution from traffic have increased levels of myo-inositol in the brain. The increase in myo-inositol was associated with higher risk of generalized anxiety in children.

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·May 13, 2019·3 min read

Obesity: The key role of a brain protein revealed – Mouse study

The protein ACBP directly influences neurons that help both rodents and humans maintain a healthy weight.

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·May 10, 2019·3 min read

A cup of Joe and you’re good to go! Under 6 a day and you’re A-OK

Drinking more than six cups of coffee per day is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease.

This shows pizza, burgers and other junk foods

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·May 10, 2019·4 min read

Dietary fats entering the brain may explain link between obesity and depression: Mouse study

A mechanism that links exposure to high-fat diets in mice to changes in hypothalamic function which leads to depression has been identified. Saturated fatty acids enter the brain via the bloodstream, where they accumulate and affect key signaling pathways associated with the development of depression.

This shows a weighing scale, a tape measure and an apple

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·May 2, 2019·3 min read

New brain mechanisms regulating body weight identified: Rodent study

Interleukin-6 interacts with leptin in the lateral parabrachial nucleus to reduce food intake. Reducing IL-6 in the IPBL increases weight gain and could help explain why some are more prone to overeating and obesity.

Featured Neurology Neuroscience

·April 30, 2019·5 min read

Can the effects of the ketogenic diet help prevent epilepsy after traumatic brain injury? Mouse study

Mimicking effects of the ketogenic diet with a drug called 2-DG reduced cell excitation and epileptic activity in mouse models of post-traumatic epilepsy. 2-DG may have the potential to restore network function following TBI, reducing the risk of epilepsy associated with head injuries. The findings may have positive implications for people who developed post-traumatic epilepsy, suggesting a change in diet could help alleviate some symptoms.

This shows neurons in the central amygdala

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·April 25, 2019·4 min read

Comfort food leads to more weight gain during stress

A combination of chronic stress and high-calorie diets raised insulin levels tenfold in the amygdala of mice. Prolonged high levels of insulin in the central amygdala resulted in neurons becoming desensitized to insulin. The desensitized neurons boosted NPY levels, which promoted eating and reduced the normal homeostasis response to burn calories. The findings may shed light on why some indulge in high-calorie foods when stressed, and why this may lead to obesity.

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·April 22, 2019·8 min read

New insight into how obesity and insulin resistance can impair cognition

Adora2a mediating signaling in vascular endothelial cells disrupts the blood-brain barrier in obesity. This, researchers report, could be an underlying mechanism for synaptic plasticity and cognitive deficits in those with insulin resistance and obesity.

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