Heightened states of arousal altered neural circuits in a brain area associated with decision making, resulting in some neurons changing from decision making to internal state monitors.
The delicate balance between learning new behaviors and expressing old habits is controlled by two different populations of neurons in the dorsolateral striatum.
Researchers recreated the damage seen in frontotemporal dementia in brain organoid models. The study reveals an experimental drug designed to treat Crohn's disease may help prevent neuron death associated with FTD.
For those with a genetic predisposition to higher eye pressure, high caffeine consumption may increase the risk of developing glaucoma threefold.
Researchers have identified 64 genomic regions that contain genetic variants associated with an increased risk of developing bipolar disorder. The study also revealed a genetic overlap between bipolar disorder and other psychiatric disorders.
Mice with cytokine IL-23 dysregulation who consumed foods containing the artificial colorants FD&C Red 40 and Yellow developed colitis, a new study reports.
Early life stress induces epigenetic modifications in D2-type medium spiny neurons in the nucleus accumbens, increasing the susceptibility to stress in adulthood.
Ezogabine, a drug that opens up the KCNQ2/3 type potassium channel, significantly improved symptoms of depression and anhedonia.
Using data from RNA sequencing, researchers have identified three molecular subtypes of Alzheimer's disease.
A series of ketamine infusions reduced PTSD symptoms by up to 30% from baseline compared to treatment with midazolam, which reduced symptoms by 20% over the same period. Ketamine treatment significantly reduced three of four PTSD associated symptoms, including intrusive thoughts, avoidance, and negative alterations in cognition and mood.
Researchers have identified a bio-chemical circuit that supports neuron-microglia communication. When neurons are active, they release ATP. Microglia sense extracellular ATP and the compound draws the immune cell toward the neuron.
Altered expression of FYN, a gene associated with the production of Tau, was identified in the brains of people addicted to heroin. Findings suggest opioid use can affect the brain in a way that might cause vulnerability in neural systems that can trigger neurodegeneration later in life.
