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CSHL

·October 17, 2024·4 min read

“Brain on Fire”: When Antibodies Attack the Brain

Anti-NMDAR encephalitis, a rare autoimmune disease, can cause extreme psychiatric symptoms such as hallucinations, paranoia, and memory loss, often mimicking bipolar disorder or schizophrenia. This condition, often affecting women in their 20s to 30s, results from antibodies attacking brain receptors essential for cognition and memory.

Featured Neuroscience Visual Neuroscience

·October 10, 2024·4 min read

Neuroimaging Reveals How OPC Cells Shape Visual Processing

Researchers revealed the intricate role of OPC cells in shaping the brain's neural circuits. Previously known mainly for supporting neuron insulation, OPCs also prune unnecessary synaptic connections, refining the brain’s wiring as we accumulate experiences.

This shows a golden brain on a motherboard.

Featured Neuroscience

·June 20, 2024·5 min read

Brain Inspired AI Learns Like Humans

Today's AI can read, talk, and analyze data but still has critical limitations. NeuroAI researchers designed a new AI model inspired by the human brain's efficiency. This model allows AI neurons to receive feedback and adjust in real time, enhancing learning and memory processes. The innovation could lead to a new generation of more efficient and accessible AI, bringing AI and neuroscience closer together.

Featured Neuroscience Visual Neuroscience

·June 3, 2024·4 min read

Mapping Millions of Brain Connections

Researchers upgraded BARseq to map millions of neurons, enhancing our understanding of brain connections. This advanced technique reveals how losing vision changes the visual cortex, making it more like neighboring brain areas.

Featured Neuroscience

·May 23, 2024·4 min read

AI Decodes Fruit Fly Vision, Paving Way for Human Insight

Researchers developed an AI model of the fruit fly brain to understand how vision guides behavior. By genetically silencing specific visual neurons and observing changes in behavior, they trained the AI to predict neural activity and behavior accurately. Their findings reveal that multiple neuron combinations, rather than single types, process visual data in a complex "population code." This breakthrough paves the way for future research into the human visual system and related disorders.

Brain Cancer Featured Neurology Neuroscience

·February 22, 2024·3 min read

Stress Plays Key Role in Cancer Spread

Researchers uncovered how stress can significantly increase cancer metastasis through the activation of white blood cells known as neutrophils, which create web-like structures promoting cancer spread. By simulating chronic stress in mice, the team observed a dramatic increase in metastatic lesions, linking stress hormones to the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) that foster a metastasis-friendly environment.

Featured Neuroscience

·January 30, 2024·4 min read

Bending Time: Decoding Tempo Adaptation in Neural Circuits

A new study unveiled a key mechanism in how the brain adapts to varying tempos in life. Using Alston’s singing mouse, known for its variable vocalizations, the research team explored the orofacial motor cortex's role in regulating song tempo.

Featured Genetics Neuroscience

·January 24, 2024·3 min read

T Cells May Be The Living Anti-Aging Elixir

Researchers found that T cells can be genetically reprogrammed to target and eliminate senescent cells, which contribute to aging-related diseases. By using CAR (chimeric antigen receptor) T cells in mice, they achieved significant health improvements including lower body weight, enhanced metabolism, and increased physical activity.

This shows a woman sniffing a glass of wine.

Featured Neuroscience

·October 31, 2023·3 min read

How Neurons Help Decipher Wine Aromas and Other Scents

Scientists unraveled how animals differentiate distinct scents, even those that seem remarkably similar. While some neurons consistently identify differing smells, others respond unpredictably, aiding in distinguishing nuanced aromas over time.

Featured Genetics Neuroscience

·October 4, 2023·4 min read

Single Protein Rewires the Brain to Adapt to Motherhood

The presence of the MECP2 protein in parvalbumin (PV) neurons is crucial for newly-mothering mice to rapidly learn and respond to their pups’ distress cries, hinting at how the brain rewires during pivotal adult learning phases. When MECP2 is absent, maternal mice show neglectful behavior toward their young, illuminating how the protein’s dysfunction could contribute to communication and interpretation deficits in neurodevelopmental disorders like Rett syndrome in humans.

This shows the outline of a dad, his child, and DNA.

Autism Featured Genetics Neuroscience

·May 22, 2023·3 min read

Unexpected Genetic Influence of Fathers in Autism

Researchers provide new insight into the genetic origins of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The study suggests that, contrary to long-standing beliefs, siblings with ASD may share more of their father's genome. The investigation involved analysis of over 6,000 volunteer families' genomes, revealing a potential new source of ASD.

Brain Cancer Featured Genetics Neuroscience

·April 10, 2023·3 min read

Identifying Cancer Genes’ Multiple Personalities

A new method using the gene-editing tool CRISPR-Cas9 has been developed to model liver cancer tumor subtypes caused by mutations in the same genes. By targeting a single section of the mouse gene, Ctnnb1, researchers were able to produce two distinct tumor subtypes, enhancing protein activity to promote tumor growth, which could allow for the development of new therapeutic interventions in the future.

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CSHL

“Brain on Fire”: When Antibodies Attack the Brain

Neuroimaging Reveals How OPC Cells Shape Visual Processing

Brain Inspired AI Learns Like Humans

Mapping Millions of Brain Connections

AI Decodes Fruit Fly Vision, Paving Way for Human Insight

Stress Plays Key Role in Cancer Spread

Bending Time: Decoding Tempo Adaptation in Neural Circuits

T Cells May Be The Living Anti-Aging Elixir

How Neurons Help Decipher Wine Aromas and Other Scents

Single Protein Rewires the Brain to Adapt to Motherhood

Unexpected Genetic Influence of Fathers in Autism

Identifying Cancer Genes’ Multiple Personalities

Salt-Nicotine E-Cigarettes Triple Smoking Cessation Odds

Adult Brain Recycles Prenatal Genetic Playbook for Memory

Buprenorphin and Ketamine Combo Provide Anti-Suicidal Effect

New Math Method Inflates Alzheimer’s Drug Success by 29x

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