Study reveals how gene control mechanisms determine the identity of neurons in the embryonic brainstem. A failure in differentiation in developing brainstem neurons can lead to behavioral abnormalities, including ADHD.
An examination of brainstems from children and young adults constantly exposed to air pollution reveals markers of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and motor neuron disease. Findings suggest air pollution poses risks of serious neurological damage from an early age.
Exercise increases levels of galanin in the brain stem, making mice more resilient to stress.
Neural networks that are directly responsible for the coordination of walking movements are located in the spinal cord. A specific group of neurons in the brainstem signal to the spinal cord and control direction.
Study identifies a key role the brainstem neurotensinergic neurons play in non-REM sleep regulation.
Researchers identified 48 common genetic variants that appear to play a role in the size of the brainstem and other subcortical structures. Forty of the variants were novel. The findings also revealed 199 genes related to the variants which regulate brain development and susceptibility to neurological disorders.
Mice expressing a specific variant of the Scn1a gene associated with Dravet syndrome exhibited spontaneous seizures, disordered breathing and died prematurely.
A new study reveals the prefrontal cortex may play a role in coordinating the level of consciousness through the cholinergic system.
A new study reports that contrary behavior of blood vessels in the retrotrapezoid nucleus help keep us breathing.
Researchers have traced the neural connections that help us to curb our impulses.
Researchers believe they may have pinpointed an area of the brain that plays a role in maintaining human consciousness.
Researchers introduce a new concept of how the brain is involved in respiration.
