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          evolutionary neuroscience

          This shows two monkeys and grapes.
          FeaturedNeurosciencePsychology
          ·December 12, 2024·6 min read

          Do Animals Really Understand Fairness?

          New research challenges the idea that animals share humans’ sense of fairness, suggesting their reactions to unequal rewards stem from unmet expectations rather than inequity aversion. In the largest meta-analysis to date, researchers reanalyzed data from 23 studies across 18 species and found no strong evidence of jealousy or fairness aversion in animals.
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          This shows ancient man fishing with dogs at his side.
          FeaturedNeurosciencePsychology
          ·December 5, 2024·5 min read

          Ancient Friendship: Humans and Dogs Bonded 12,000 Years Ago

          Humans and canines in the Americas formed close relationships 12,000 years ago, earlier than previously thought. Archaeological findings in Alaska, including a 12,000-year-old canine tibia and an 8,100-year-old jawbone, indicate these animals relied on humans for food, such as salmon, rather than hunting independently.
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          This shows the change in the anger body map.
          FeaturedNeuroscience
          ·December 4, 2024·5 min read

          Angry Feet: How the Emotional Body Map Changed Over Time

          Researchers analyzing 1 million Akkadian words from ancient Mesopotamian texts revealed unique insights into how emotions were experienced in the body. While many emotions align with modern perceptions, the ancients notably linked happiness to the liver and anger to the feet, contrasting with modern experiences in the chest and hands.
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          This shows a brain.
          FeaturedNeuroscience
          ·December 4, 2024·5 min read

          How Evolution Shaped the Brain’s Understanding of Numbers

          Human number cognition may be rooted in the putamen, a deep brain structure traditionally associated with movement rather than abstract thought. Neurosurgery patients demonstrated activity in this area while processing numbers as symbols, words, and concepts, suggesting that numerical understanding emerged early in evolution.
          Read More
          This shows a brain and gut bacteria.
          FeaturedNeuroscience
          ·December 3, 2024·5 min read

          Gut Microbes May Have Powered Evolution of Larger Brains

          A new study suggests that gut microbes played a key role in the evolution of larger brains in primates by influencing energy production and usage. Researchers implanted microbes from humans, squirrel monkeys (large-brained species), and macaques (small-brained species) into mice, observing that microbes from larger-brained primates enhanced energy production, while those from smaller-brained primates favored fat storage.
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          This shows a line of people, depicting evolution.
          FeaturedNeuroscience
          ·November 29, 2024·4 min read

          Human Brains Evolved Gradually, Not in Sudden Leaps

          A new study reveals that modern humans, Neanderthals, and other relatives evolved larger brains through gradual changes within each species, overturning the idea of sudden leaps in brain size. Researchers used the largest-ever fossil dataset spanning 7 million years and advanced statistical methods to reconstruct brain size evolution.
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          This shows a brain and DNA.
          FeaturedGeneticsNeuroscience
          ·November 26, 2024·4 min read

          DNA to AI: How Evolution Shapes Smarter Algorithms

          A new AI algorithm inspired by the genome’s ability to compress vast information offers insights into brain function and potential tech applications. Researchers found that this algorithm performs tasks like image recognition and video games almost as effectively as fully trained AI networks.
          Read More
          This shows an ape looking at a computer monitor.
          FeaturedNeuroscienceOpen Neuroscience ArticlesVisual Neuroscience
          ·November 26, 2024·3 min read

          Great Apes’ Gaze Reveals Human-Like Event Perception

          Great apes track events involving agents and patients, like humans, suggesting shared cognitive mechanisms. When watching video clips, apes alternated their gaze between agents (e.g., a cat) and patients (e.g., a mouse), similar to adult humans, though apes paid more attention to background details.
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          This shows chimps.
          FeaturedNeuroscience
          ·November 20, 2024·4 min read

          Chimpanzees Show Friendly Behaviors Are Contagious

          Grooming and play behaviors in chimpanzees are contagious, fostering social bonds and harmony within their groups. Conducted at a wildlife orphanage, the research shows how observing others’ positive actions encourages similar behaviors, with grooming occurring more often among close partners and play thriving among younger chimps.
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          This shows an illustration of a robot, a tree and people.
          FeaturedNeurosciencePsychology
          ·November 19, 2024·4 min read

          How AI Could Shape Human Evolution in Subtle Yet Profound Ways

          Artificial intelligence is becoming a pivotal force in human lives, prompting questions about its evolutionary effects. A new study explores how AI may influence human evolution through everyday interactions, likening human-AI dynamics to ecological relationships such as predation or competition. Potential evolutionary shifts include changes in brain size, attention spans, personality traits, and social behaviors, particularly through AI's impact on relationships and decision-making.
          Read More
          This shows two boys.
          FeaturedNeuroscience
          ·November 19, 2024·5 min read

          How Hunter-Gatherer Kids Learn Lifelong Skills by Age Six

          Hunter-gatherer children in the Congo Basin learn critical skills like hunting, gathering, and childcare by age six or seven, thanks to a unique social learning environment. Unlike Western societies, where learning is primarily parent- or teacher-centered, these children gain knowledge from parents, peers, extended family, and unrelated adults within their small, egalitarian communities.
          Read More
          This shows the monkeys trying to solve a problem.
          FeaturedNeuroscience
          ·November 18, 2024·4 min read

          Social Tolerance Fuels Learning in Wild Capuchin Monkeys

          Wild bearded capuchins use social learning to solve problems, influenced by social tolerance and group dynamics. Researchers observed the monkeys interacting with a puzzle-box and found that grooming partners and tolerant individuals were more likely to learn from each other.
          Read More
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          This shows a pregnant woman and DNA.

          Progesterone Exposure Linked to Gene Alterations in Male Brains

          This shows the outline of two people and brains.

          Reducing Visceral Fat Protects the Brain for Decades

          This shows an ancient anthropoid with a brain.

          Brain-First Hypothesis: Rethinking the Cambrian Explosion

          This shows a brain and bar bells.

          Beyond the Gym: Why Your Brain Craves Creatine

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