Young adults who heavily consumed alcohol during their teenage years exhibited thinner cortical gray matter and modified neurotransmission. Utilizing MRI and TMS-EEG technology, the researchers identified lower gray matter thickness and increased N45 potential, indicative of inhibitory GABA and excitatory glutamate neurotransmitter activity. This study underlines the long-term, detrimental impact of adolescent heavy drinking on adult brain structure and function.