Vaping e-cigarettes modulates the oral microbiome and increases the abundance of pathobionts. The aerosols in vaping products alter the host response, prompting gum inflammation and making epithelial cells in the mouth susceptible to infection.
Researchers report differences in oral microbial gene expression may distinguish children with ASD from their peers not on the spectrum. The study suggests GI microbiome disruptions, previously identified in children with ASD, may extend to the mouth and throat.
