Men are more likely to have a dysregulated HPA axis that is associated with depressive symptoms, while women have higher levels of binding proteins for stress hormones that may prevent dysregulation of the HPA axis. The findings shed new light on how stress hormones impact dopamine transmission and how this impacts depression on a sex-specific basis.
While scores for verbal reasoning and matrix reasoning have decreased, scores for spatial reasoning have improved, researchers report.
A genetic subtype of ASD and schizophrenia have a duplicate gene that triggers overactivity in neural circuits, leading to social deficits and seizures. When researchers reduced the level of the PRRT2 gene in mouse models of 16p11.2 duplication syndrome, social behaviors were restored and seizure activity decreased.
A newly developed sensor tracks a person's vocal use and alerts them to overuse before vocal fatigue and potential injury occur.
Women seeking abortions are three times more likely to suffer from a mental health disorder, and restrictive abortion rights will only cause more women to experience mental health problems, researchers say. Additionally, the physical and emotional stress caused as a result of forced pregnancy will have a detrimental impact on the brain development of the fetus, raising the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders.
Calcium signaling was found to be a central abnormality in schizophrenia neurons. Targeting calcium signaling in neurons could be a potential new way to treat the 16p11.2 duplication variation of schizophrenia.
The Orai1 class of calcium channels regulates sex differences in the functioning of immune cells associated with neuroinflammation and neuropathic pain.
Researchers have developed a new treatment that could potentially be used to treat patients with the Phelan-McDermid syndrome autism subtype.
In patients with cognitive decline, the cerebral spinal immune system is dramatically altered. The findings shed light on how inflammation and the immune system play a role in neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's.
A novel deep learning method that uses graph convolutional neural networks (gCNNs) can predict cognitive function based on the brain's size and structure. The algorithm may provide insights into the relationship between brain morphology and different cognitive functions, as well as declines in cognitive function.
Sounds presented during sleep associated with previously learned stimuli reactivated memory and improved memory storage.
Neurons in the memory-associated entorhinal cortex of super-agers are significantly larger than their cognitively average peers, those with MCI, and even in people up to 30 years younger. Additionally, these neurons contained no signs of Tau, a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease.