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evolution

·November 20, 2024·4 min read

Chimpanzees Show Friendly Behaviors Are Contagious

Grooming and play behaviors in chimpanzees are contagious, fostering social bonds and harmony within their groups. Conducted at a wildlife orphanage, the research shows how observing others’ positive actions encourages similar behaviors, with grooming occurring more often among close partners and play thriving among younger chimps.

This shows an illustration of a robot, a tree and people.

Featured Neuroscience Psychology

·November 19, 2024·4 min read

How AI Could Shape Human Evolution in Subtle Yet Profound Ways

Artificial intelligence is becoming a pivotal force in human lives, prompting questions about its evolutionary effects. A new study explores how AI may influence human evolution through everyday interactions, likening human-AI dynamics to ecological relationships such as predation or competition. Potential evolutionary shifts include changes in brain size, attention spans, personality traits, and social behaviors, particularly through AI's impact on relationships and decision-making.

Featured Neuroscience

·November 19, 2024·5 min read

How Hunter-Gatherer Kids Learn Lifelong Skills by Age Six

Hunter-gatherer children in the Congo Basin learn critical skills like hunting, gathering, and childcare by age six or seven, thanks to a unique social learning environment. Unlike Western societies, where learning is primarily parent- or teacher-centered, these children gain knowledge from parents, peers, extended family, and unrelated adults within their small, egalitarian communities.

This shows the monkeys trying to solve a problem.

Featured Neuroscience

·November 18, 2024·4 min read

Social Tolerance Fuels Learning in Wild Capuchin Monkeys

Wild bearded capuchins use social learning to solve problems, influenced by social tolerance and group dynamics. Researchers observed the monkeys interacting with a puzzle-box and found that grooming partners and tolerant individuals were more likely to learn from each other.

Featured Neuroscience Psychology

·November 9, 2024·6 min read

Why Human Culture Never Stops Evolving

A new study proposes that human culture’s unique power lies not in its ability to accumulate knowledge, as once thought, but in its "open-endedness." Unlike animal cultures that reach limits in evolution, human culture continuously expands, adapting without bounds.

Featured Neuroscience

·November 1, 2024·3 min read

Cooperative Care Influences Brain Development in Humans and Marmosets

Cooperative breeding influences brain development in common marmosets and humans, allowing longer periods for social learning. Marmoset brains, like human brains, develop socio-cognitive regions slowly, maturing in early adulthood.

Featured Neuroscience

·October 18, 2024·5 min read

Mosaic Brain Evolution Drives Learning in Tropical Butterfly

Researchers have discovered that Heliconius butterflies, known for feeding on both nectar and pollen, show mosaic brain evolution with specialized neural expansions linked to enhanced learning and memory abilities. This expansion occurs in specific brain structures called mushroom bodies, which are key for long-term visual memory and spatial learning.

Featured Neuroscience

·October 4, 2024·4 min read

Evolutionary Rates Over Time May Be Driven by Statistical “Noise”

A new study suggests that perceived increases in evolutionary rates over short time periods might be due to statistical noise rather than inherent biological processes. Researchers found that this “hyperbolic” pattern, often seen in younger species groups, does not indicate faster evolution but results from the variability in the data.

Featured Neuroscience

·August 29, 2024·4 min read

Marmoset Monkeys Use Unique Calls to Name Each Other

Researchers have discovered that marmoset monkeys use specific vocal calls, known as "phee-calls," to identify and communicate with each other, a behavior previously observed only in humans, dolphins, and elephants. This ability to label others vocally suggests that marmosets possess advanced cognitive skills in social communication. The study also found that marmoset families share similar vocal labels, akin to names and dialects in humans. This discovery provides new insights into the evolution of social communication and language.

Featured Genetics Neuroscience

·August 28, 2024·5 min read

How Moths Evolve Through Time-Based Speciation

Researchers have uncovered how two closely related moth species in the southeastern U.S. evolved into separate species by shifting their active periods. Instead of a physical barrier, the key difference lies in their circadian rhythms, regulated by clock genes. This discovery provides a rare glimpse into speciation at the molecular level and highlights the importance of studying diverse species to understand broader biological patterns.

Featured Genetics Neuroscience

·July 28, 2024·4 min read

How Size Differences in Mammals Influence Brain Evolution

A new study reveals that sexual size dimorphism (SSD) in mammals is linked to genome evolution. Species with large size differences between sexes have larger gene families for olfactory functions and smaller ones for brain development. Conversely, species with minimal size differences invest more in brain development and complex social behaviors. These findings suggest that SSD influences the evolution of sensory and cognitive traits in mammals.

Featured Neuroscience

·July 22, 2024·4 min read

Chimps Use Gestures, Like Humans, to Communicate

Researchers have found that chimpanzees communicate with gestures in a rapid turn-taking pattern similar to human conversation. Studying over 8,500 gestures across five wild communities, they discovered that chimpanzees exchange gestures with pauses averaging 120 milliseconds.