A new deep learning algorithm is superior to human experts in distinguishing between retinal ganglion cells in healthy patients and in those with glaucoma. The AI system could potentially help improve the diagnosis of both eye and brain diseases.
At the site of injury, nerves release a protein called CXCL12 which attracts growing nerve fibers and keeps them trapped in place. This prevents the nerve fibers from growing in the correct direction to bridge the injury site.
Parapinopsin, a protein found in lamprey, is being used by researchers to manipulate brain circuitry. The protein is able to switch off specific brain circuits.
BARseq2 is a new technique that allows researchers to trace thousands of brain circuits simultaneously.
Researchers have identified functional features that make human neurons unique.
Using single nucleus RNA sequencing, researchers have mapped 21 subtypes of motor neurons in the spinal cords of mice.
Researchers have implicated alterations in the balance of two chloride ion channels in the cognitive deficits associated with schizophrenia. Inhibiting transporter activity with bumetanide reversed some of the cognitive symptoms in mouse models of the psychiatric disorder.
PsychLight, a newly developed genetically encoded fluorescent sensor, helped researchers identify a psychedelic compound that acts on beneficial neural pathways to treat psychiatric disorders without the hallucinogenic effect.
BPA and BPS, two common plasticizers found in everyday items such as water bottles and food packaging, impair communication between neurons in the brain.
Researchers have identified regions within the DNA of neurons that accumulate single-strand breaks (SSBs). The SSB accumulation appears to be unique to neurons. The findings challenge previous thoughts on the cause of DNA damage and how it could impact neurodegenerative disorders.
In the hours after death, some cells in the human brain not only remain active, they grow in size.
Astrocytes influence how long, and how deeply, mice sleep, a new study reports.
