A new bio-inspired slow-release system for site 1 sodium channel blockers helps release anesthesia, providing prolonged nerve blocking with minimal toxicity.
A new statistical model lays groundwork for understanding how ketamine induces an anesthetic response, steps to monitor unconscious patients, and provides new information about brain activity while unconscious.
Following deep anesthesia, consciousness and cognitive processes unfold over time. The prefrontal cortex is the first brain area to recover, with areas associated with reaction time and attention taking longer to return to pre-anesthesia states.
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A newly developed artificial intelligence algorithm can accurately and reliably assess unconsciousness in patients under anesthesia based on brain activity.
Propofol, the commonly used anesthetic, alters and controls the dynamics of the brain's rhythms. The findings can help doctors better monitor patients under anesthesia with the aid of EEG.
Researchers recorded the electrical activity in over 1000 neurons around 100 sites of the brain during different states of consciousness in monkeys. The results were analyzed by machine learning. Results pointed away from the prefrontal cortex, an area monitored to safely maintain general anesthesia, and toward areas at the back of the brain. The study reveals deep brain and areas toward the back of the brain are more predictive of states of consciousness.
Prolonged anesthesia significantly alters the synaptic architecture of the brain, regardless of age.
Exposure to anesthesia causes lipid clusters to move from an ordered state to a disordered one, then back again. These changes lead to subsequent effects that cause changes in consciousness.
Study finds EEG features may not always be accurate in being able to capture the level of consciousness in patients under anesthesia.
Study shows listening to calming music before surgery has similar effects as midazolam in reducing anxiety before regional anesthesia is given.
Medically induced loss of consciousness disrupts neuron population activity patterns by generating fewer discriminable network microstates, and fewer neuronal ensembles. Findings suggest local neuronal ensemble dynamics may contribute to the emergence of conscious states.
Study reveals anesthesia activated neurons have been discovered in the hypothalamus. Activation of AANs promotes slow-wave sleep, extending the effects of anesthesia, while inhibition of AANs shortens the duration of general anesthetics and disrupts natural sleep.
