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Genetics

Genetics articles related to neuroscience research will be listed here.

Featured Genetics Neurology Neuroscience

·April 20, 2023·5 min read

Engineered Cells Offer Promise for Treating ALS and Blinding Diseases

Engineered stem cells may lead to personalized treatments for a range of neurological and visual disorders, a new study reports. Transplanting engineered induced pluripotent stem cells into the eyes of rodents with retinal degeneration led to the protection of cells in the eyes that support vision. In ALS models, transplanting cells into the spinal cord protected movement controlling cells. The engineered cells also created astrocytes and did not result in tumor formation.

Featured Genetics Neuroscience

·April 21, 2023·4 min read

Key Protein of Hippocampal Neurogenesis Discovered

The protein Yap1 plays a key role in the generation of new neurons in the hippocampus. However, tight regulation of Yap1 activity is essential as dysregulation causes the disruption of tissue seen in glioblastoma brain cancer.

This shows a stressed man and drawings of clocks

Featured Genetics Neuroscience Psychology

·April 21, 2023·6 min read

Stress Rapidly Increases Biological Age, but Recovery Turns Back the Clock

Stress can cause rapid and transient increases in biological age, which can be reversed upon recovery, according to a new study. Using DNA methylation clocks, researchers found that stress triggers short-term fluctuations in biological age in humans and mice. The findings challenge the idea that biological age has a unidirectional upward trajectory over the life course, and highlights the importance of reducing biological age to improve longevity.

Featured Genetics Neuroscience Psychology

·April 25, 2023·4 min read

Genetic Driver of Anxiety Discovered

An international team of scientists has identified a gene in the brain responsible for anxiety symptoms and found that modifying the gene can reduce anxiety levels, offering a novel drug target for anxiety disorders. The discovery highlights a new amygdala miR483-5p/Pgap2 pathway that regulates the brain's response to stress and provides a potential therapeutic approach for anxiety disorders.

Featured Genetics Neuroscience

·April 25, 2023·4 min read

Unraveling the Genetic Mechanisms Behind Long-Lasting Memories in the Brain

Researchers shed new light on the molecular and genetic basis of long-term memory formation in the brain. A new study reveals a single stimulation to the synapses of hippocampal neurons triggered numerous cycles where the memory-coding Arc gene produced mRNA molecules that were then translated into synapse-strengthening Arc proteins. From the findings, researchers determined a novel feedback loop that helps explain how short-lived mRNA and proteins create long-term memories in the brain.

Featured Genetics Neuroscience Visual Neuroscience

·April 26, 2023·3 min read

Gene Therapy for Dogs With Inherited Blinding Eye Disease Set for Human Trials

A groundbreaking gene therapy proven successful in treating an inherited, blinding eye disease in dogs is now poised for clinical trials in humans with the rare condition retinitis pigmentosa. The therapy, which halts vision loss by introducing a normal copy of the CNGB1 gene, could potentially benefit around 2 million people affected worldwide.

Featured Genetics Neuroscience Psychology

·April 27, 2023·5 min read

Identification of DNA Methylation Markers in Newborns for Increased Schizophrenia Risk

Researchers identified DNA methylation markers that may indicate the risk of developing schizophrenia later in life in newborns. This breakthrough discovery could allow for early detection and intervention to reduce the impact of the disease. By studying blood samples collected at birth, the team was able to identify unique methylation differences in cell types that could become potential clinical biomarkers for future early detection of schizophrenia.

Featured Genetics Neuroscience

·April 30, 2023·6 min read

Uncovering the Human Genome’s Secrets: 240 Mammalian Species Shed Light on What Makes Us Unique

Researchers analyzed the DNA sequences from 240 mammalian species, showing how comparative genomics can shed light on how certain species achieve extraordinary feats and help scientists better understand the functional parts of the human genome. By identifying regions of the genomes that are most conserved across mammalian species, they pinpointed the genetic basis for uncommon mammalian traits, such as the ability to hibernate or detect faint scents from miles away. They also found genetic variants that are more likely to play causal roles in rare and common human diseases.

Featured Genetics Neuroscience

·May 6, 2023·4 min read

Breaking the Darkness: Reactivating Dormant Cells in the Retina Brings New Hope for Vision Regeneration

Researchers discovered a way to reactivate dormant cells in the retina of mice to restore vision, without the need for transplantation. The team discovered dormant glial cells can be transformed into cells sharing properties with cone photoreceptors, which enable color perception, reading and driving. The approach, which uses two genes to transform Müller cells into retinal neurons, could offer new hope for developing regenerative therapies to replace lost cells in retinal degeneration.

Featured Genetics Neuroscience

·May 8, 2023·5 min read

Neanderthal DNA Shapes Human Nose

A specific gene inherited from Neanderthals may be responsible for the shape of our noses. The researchers found the gene contributes to nasal height and may have been inherited from the ancient human ancestor to help humans adapt to colder climates as our ancestors moved out of Africa.

Featured Genetics Neurology Neuroscience

·May 9, 2023·4 min read

Shared Genetic Defects in ALS and FTD: New Insights Into Neurodegeneration

Some patients with ALS/motor neuron disease (MND) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) carry the same rare genetic defects that cause other neurodegenerative diseases. These defects, known as short tandem repeat expansions, are the cause of more than 20 neurodegenerative diseases including spinocerebellar ataxias and myotonic dystrophy.

Featured Genetics Neurology Neuroscience

·May 9, 2023·4 min read

Mapping Dementia’s DNA: New Genetic Risk Factors Identified

Researchers discovered new genetic risk factors for non-Alzheimer's dementia, specifically Lewy body dementia (LBD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). The team identified large-scale DNA changes, known as structural variants, that could increase the risk of these diseases. Notably, a previously unknown variant in the gene TCPN1 was linked to a higher risk for LBD, highlighting the significance of genetic research in combating neurodegenerative diseases.

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Genetics

Engineered Cells Offer Promise for Treating ALS and Blinding Diseases

Key Protein of Hippocampal Neurogenesis Discovered

Stress Rapidly Increases Biological Age, but Recovery Turns Back the Clock

Genetic Driver of Anxiety Discovered

Unraveling the Genetic Mechanisms Behind Long-Lasting Memories in the Brain

Gene Therapy for Dogs With Inherited Blinding Eye Disease Set for Human Trials

Identification of DNA Methylation Markers in Newborns for Increased Schizophrenia Risk

Uncovering the Human Genome’s Secrets: 240 Mammalian Species Shed Light on What Makes Us Unique

Breaking the Darkness: Reactivating Dormant Cells in the Retina Brings New Hope for Vision Regeneration

Neanderthal DNA Shapes Human Nose

Shared Genetic Defects in ALS and FTD: New Insights Into Neurodegeneration

Mapping Dementia’s DNA: New Genetic Risk Factors Identified

Brain Cell Genetics Illuminate Alzheimer’s Disease Pathways

Cerebellar Glia Influence Aggression Level

Placenta Plays A Key Role in Brain Development

Mirror Insight: Mice Show Glimpses of Self-Recognition

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