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Autism

Research articles covering work related to austism spectrum disorders are provided below.

This shows a brain puzzle with missing pieces.

·October 14, 2024·3 min read

Imaging Links Fewer Brain Connections to Autism Social Challenges

A recent study used PET imaging to examine synaptic connections in autistic and non-autistic adults, marking the first time this technology was applied to autism research. Findings show autistic adults have fewer synapses, or connections between brain cells, which closely relates to social and communicative differences in autism.

Autism Featured Genetics Neuroscience

·October 14, 2024·5 min read

Human-Specific Genes Reveal Link Between Brain Growth and Autism

Researchers have found a link between two human-specific genes and the gene SYNGAP1, a factor in intellectual disabilities and autism spectrum disorders. These genes, SRGAP2B and SRGAP2C, slow down synapse development, a hallmark of prolonged brain growth thought to enhance learning in humans. By turning off these genes in human neurons, scientists observed accelerated brain connectivity development, mimicking changes seen in certain neurodevelopmental conditions.

This shows a child looking at brain scans.

Autism Featured Neuroscience

·October 9, 2024·5 min read

Neuron Density Differences in Autistic Children’s Brains

New research reveals that children with autism have varying neuron densities in certain brain regions compared to their peers. Using advanced imaging from the ABCD study, scientists observed lower neuron density in regions associated with memory and problem-solving, while regions like the amygdala showed higher neuron density.

Autism Featured Neuroscience

·October 1, 2024·3 min read

Brain Activity Syncs Differently in Autism and Neurotypical Interactions

A new study shows that brain synchronization between a neurotypical person and someone with autism is weaker compared to two neurotypical individuals interacting. Using EEG hyperscanning, researchers observed reduced inter-brain synchrony during hand movement imitation between mixed pairs, with autistic individuals more likely to follow than lead.

Autism Featured Neuroscience

·September 23, 2024·5 min read

No Increased Autism Risk in Pandemic-Born Children

A new study found that children born during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, including those exposed to the virus in utero, were no more likely to screen positive for autism than pre-pandemic children. Researchers used a neurodevelopmental screening questionnaire for children aged 16-30 months and saw no differences in autism risk between these groups.

Autism Featured Neuroscience

·August 28, 2024·5 min read

New Imaging Technique Identifies Autism Markers with 95% Accuracy

Researchers have developed a system that detects genetic markers of autism in brain images with 89-95% accuracy, potentially enabling earlier diagnosis and treatment. This method, which identifies brain structure patterns linked to autism-related genetic variations, offers a personalized approach to autism care. The technique, called transport-based morphometry, could transform the understanding and treatment of autism by focusing on genetic markers rather than behavioral cues.

This shows a little girl playing with cars.

Autism Featured Neuroscience Psychology

·August 28, 2024·2 min read

Gender Nonconformity in Play Linked to ASD and Behavioral Problems

A new study reveals that gender nonconforming play behavior in 7-year-olds is associated with increased behavioral difficulties, including autistic traits in girls and peer relationship issues in boys. Researchers analyzed data from 718 children in Sweden, finding that masculine play in girls and feminine play in boys were linked to these challenges. While the study highlights potential associations, it emphasizes that nonconforming play does not imply future behavioral issues.

Autism Featured Neuroscience

·August 22, 2024·4 min read

Early Brain Changes May Trigger Autism

Researchers have uncovered critical insights into how autism spectrum disorders (ASD) may develop at early stages of brain formation. Using mouse models, the team discovered that environmental factors causing autism-like symptoms are linked to early changes in neurotransmitter activity in the brain. Specifically, they observed that a temporary switch from the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA to the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate in neonatal mice could lead to the development of ASD-like behaviors, such as repetitive actions and reduced social interaction, later in life.

Autism Featured Genetics Neuroscience

·August 21, 2024·7 min read

Brain Overgrowth Linked to Autism Symptom Severity

Researchers have identified a link between brain overgrowth and the severity of social and communication symptoms in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). By analyzing MRI scans and conducting experiments with brain organoids, the study found that children with the most severe ASD symptoms had significantly larger brains. This enlargement is associated with altered activity of the enzyme Ndel1, which plays a crucial role in neuron development. The findings open new avenues for understanding ASD and its varying symptom severity.

Autism Featured Neuroscience

·August 19, 2024·5 min read

AI Model Predicts Autism in Toddlers with 80% Accuracy

A new machine learning model, AutMedAI, can predict autism in children under two with nearly 80% accuracy, offering a promising tool for early detection and intervention. The model analyzes 28 parameters available before 24 months, such as age of first smile and eating difficulties, to identify children likely to have autism. Early diagnosis is crucial for optimal development, and further validation of the model is underway.

Autism Featured Genetics Neuroscience

·August 7, 2024·5 min read

20% Increased ASD Risk for Kids with Autistic Siblings

New research indicates that 20% of children with an older sibling diagnosed with autism are also likely to be diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), with this rate increasing to 36% when there are multiple siblings with ASD. The study highlights that gender, race, and maternal education significantly affect the likelihood of autism recurrence in families. It also emphasizes the need for extra developmental monitoring and early intervention for families with autistic children. This research underscores the importance of addressing disparities in healthcare access and support for all families affected by autism.

This shows a pregnant woman holding a bottle of water.

Autism Featured Neuroscience

·August 7, 2024·5 min read

BPA Exposure in Pregnancy Linked to Autism Risk

A new study has found higher levels of bisphenol A (BPA), a common plastic chemical, in pregnant mothers who later gave birth to sons with autism. The research suggests that BPA disrupts hormone-controlled fetal brain development, particularly in males, by suppressing the aromatase enzyme.