Heart insufficiency has a negative impact on gray matter in the brain. Weak heart function was linked to decreased gray matter in areas of the brain associated with memory and learning, including the hippocampus and parietal medial cortex. This may increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease.
A new study reports modafinil, a drug used to treat narcolepsy, can help improve memory in those recovering from depression.
An innovative study could help improve learning and memory with the use of transcranial direct current stimulation.