The image shows a plastinated Alzheimer's brain.
Researchers discover TSPO ligands could significantly decrease Alzheimer's related symptoms and improve memory in mouse models. The Alzheimer's brain plastination image is used for illustrative purposes.

Drugs Found to Both Prevent and Treat Alzheimer’s Disease in Mice

Scientists hope the pharmaceuticals could lead to the development of a silver bullet for combatting the neurodegenerative disease.

Researchers at USC have found that a class of pharmaceuticals can both prevent and treat Alzheimer’s Disease in mice.

The drugs, known as “TSPO ligands,” are currently used for certain types of neuroimaging.

“We looked at the effects of TSPO ligand in young adult mice when pathology was at an early stage, and in aged mice when pathology was quite severe,” said lead researcher Christian Pike of the USC Davis School of Gerontology. “TSPO ligand reduced measures of pathology and improved behavior at both ages.”

The team’s findings were published online by the Journal of Neuroscience on May 15. Pike’s coauthors include USC postdoctoral scientists Anna M. Barron, Anusha Jayaraman and Joo-Won Lee; as well as Donatella Caruso and Roberto C. Melcangi of the University of Milan and Luis M. Garcia-Segura of the Instituto Cajal in Spain.

The image shows a plastinated Alzheimer's brain.
Researchers discover TSPO ligands could significantly decrease Alzheimer’s related symptoms and improve memory in mouse models. The Alzheimer’s brain plastination image is used for illustrative purposes.

The most surprising finding for Pike and his team was the effect of TSPO ligand in the aged mice. Four treatments—once per week over four weeks—in older mice resulted in a significant decrease of Alzheimer’s-related symptoms and improvements in memory – meaning that TSPO ligands may actually reverse some elements of Alzheimer’s disease.

“Our data suggests the possibility of drugs that can prevent and treat Alzheimer’s,” Pike said. “It’s just mouse data, but extremely encouraging mouse data. There is a strong possibility that TSPO ligands similar to the ones used in our study could be evaluated for therapeutic efficacy in Alzheimer’s patients within the next few years.”

Next, the team will next focus on understanding how TSPO ligands reduce Alzheimer’s disease pathology. Building on the established knowledge that TSPO ligands can reduce inflammation—shielding nerve cells from injury and increasing the production of neuroactive hormones in the brain—the team will study which of these actions is the most significant in fighting Alzheimer’s disease so they can develop newer TSPO ligands accordingly.

Notes about this Alzheimer’s disease research

The research was funded by the National Institutes of Health (grant number AG05142), the American-Australian Association, the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science and the Fondazione San Paolo.

Contact: Robert Perkins – University of Southern California
Source: University of Southern California press release
Image Source: The Alzheimer’s brain plastination image is available in the public domain.
Original Research: Abstract for “Ligand for Translocator Protein Reverses Pathology in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease” by Anna M. Barron, Luis M. Garcia-Segura, Donatella Caruso, Anusha Jayaraman, Joo-Won Lee, Roberto C. Melcangi, and Christian J. Pike in Journal of Neuroscience. Published online May 15 2013 doi: 10.1523/​JNEUROSCI.1350-13.2013

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